Friday, 6 September 2013

What Kenya pulling out of the ICC means.

The National Assembly on Thursday voted to have Kenya removed from the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court- ICC. This means that future cases will not be prosecuted at The Hague, although the current charges against President Uhuru Kenyatta and his deputy William Ruto will still go on. What will this mean for Kenya?

1. Stability, Healing, and Reconciliation.
Since the two communities- Kikuyu and Kalenjin- who were adversaries in the 2007 elections have since reconciled, the ICC process comes as a thorn in the flesh. It reignites old wounds. What happens if one of them is convicted, or if both are convicted? Although Kenya definitely has a definite power structure in the constitution, symbolically, the president is the symbol of national unity. His absence will cause jitters, never mind if he has put in place effective governance structures while he is at The Hague.  

2. Sovereignty.
The rallying call of the Jubilee campaigns was sovereignty, and fighting for African dignity. They argued that the ICC court was out to destabilize Africa; and is a court that is being used by the West to finish off African
leaders. Matters did not help that it was perceived that the CORD leader, Raila Odinga, was allegedly favoured by the West. For example, according to many anti- ICC proponents, Syria, Afghanistan, and Libya are all places that the ICC should have dealt with before coming for the Kenyan cases. Moreover, the funding of the court is mostly by Western countries. Some also argue that the evidence used to draw up charges for the three accused at the Hague was done by the civil society-most of which are funded by Western countries. The ICC supporters argue that the ICC investigators should have gone to the grassroots to collect the evidence. They further argue that all the 20 plus names of the Waki list should have been charged, and besides, the people who were contesting for the Presidency in 2007- Mwai Kibaki and Raila Odinga, should have borne the highest responsibility-but they have never been charged.

3. Accountability.
Jakoyo Midiwo, in his arguments against Kenya withdrawing from the ICC, said that the ICC is the big brother that Kenya needs. He says that the Judiciary may have been reformed, but the same old forces that are resistant to change are still there. Besides, he continues that Kenya took itself to the ICC, and the very members who are advocating for Kenya to pull out of the ICC were against the formation of a local tribunal by chanting that ‘Don’t be Vague, Go to Hague’. Those who support him also argue that the reason that almost all the accused at the ICC are African leaders is because of the general poor level of governance in the continent, compared with governance elsewhere in the world. They argue that the US does not need to be a signatory to the ICC, because it has a fairly robust and transparent judicial system. What happens when a rogue dictator-Idi Amin style, comes along and the local system is not strong enough to counter him?  

Way Forward.
The ICC is a legal process, not a political one. However, the court probably does not appreciate the sensitive nature of the Kenyan cases. It does not know, or perhaps care, of what the implications of its rulings will be. On the other hand, no one doubts that grave crimes were committed in the 2007/08 post election violence. But the big elephant in the room will always be- Who was responsible for the 2007/08 violence. Who/which people should be brought to justice if at all?

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